Present Perfect Tense: Fungsi, Contoh Kalimat, dan Latihan Soal

Di dalam Bahasa Inggris ada 16 tenses, pada kesempatan kali ini saya akan membahas salah satunya, yaitu present perfect tense, fungsi present perfect tense dan juga latihan soalnya. Berikut fungsi dari present perfect tense:

Present Perfect Tense

Fungsi Present Perfect Tense

1) To talk about an action or situation that started in the past and continuous in the present.

Berfungsi untuk menceritakan suatu aksi atau peristiwa di masa lalu dan masih berlangsung sampai saat ini.

Examples: 

1.I have lived in Bandar Lampung since 2015
2.She has worked in GGP Company since 2018

Dari dua contoh di atas, dapat kita jelaskan bahwa:

Kalimat I have lived in Bandar Lampung since 2015 (Saya telah tinggal di Bandar Lampung sejak tahun 2015) Ini artinya seseorang tinggal di Kota Bandar Lampung dari tahun 2015 dan sampai sekarang masih tinggal di Bandar Lampung. 

Kalimat I have worked in GGP Company since 2018 (Saya telah bekerja di perusahaan GGP sejak tahun 2018) Ini artinya seseorang mulai bekerja di perusahaan GGP sejak tahun 2018 dan sampai sekarang masih bekerja di PT GGP.

Pada fungsi yang pertama, kalimat present perfect tense biasanya dijelaskan dengan kata keterangan waktu "since"

2) To talk about an action that was completed in the very recent past, expressed by “just”.

Berfungsi untuk menceritakan suatu aksi atau aktifitas yang barusan saja dilakukan. Untuk mengunggkapkannya kita biasa menambahkan kata "just" yang artinya barusan saja.

Examples: 

1.I have just finished my work.
2.I have just reported new news.
3.He has just drunk a cup of coffee.

Dari contoh di atas dapat dijelaskan bahwa:

Kalimat no 1, I have just finished my work (Saya barusan menyelesaikan pekerjaan saya) menunjukan suatu aktifitas yang barusan saja dilakukan. no 2 dan 3 sama.

3) To talk about an action when the time is not important

Berfungsi untuk menceritakan suatu aksi atau aktifitas di mana kita tidak perlu mengetahui kapan aktifitas itu dilakukan, yang penting aktifitas tersebut sudah dilakukan.

Examples: 

1.My father has read a good novel.
2.The policeman has caught the robber.
3.Students have written their story. 

Dari contoh kalimat di atas dapat dijelaskan bahwa:

Kalimat no 1, My father has read a good novel (Ayah saya sudah membaca sebuah novel yang bagus) aktifitas membaca novel telah dilakukan oleh ayah saya, tanpa mengetahui kapan ayah saya membaca novel tersebut.
No 2 dan 3 memiliki fungsi yang sama.

4) To talk about repeated action (a number of times up to now)

Berfungsi untuk menceritakan sebuah aksi atau aktifitas yang berkali-kali dilakukan sampai dengan masa sekarang.

Examples:

1.We have visited Jakarta for several times.
2.I have eaten pizza many times.
3.The commander has called his member so many times. 

Dari contoh di atas dapat dijelaskan bahwa:

Kalimat no 1, We have visited Jakarto for several times ( Saya telah mengunjungi Jakarta berkali-kali) Aktifitas mengunjungi Jakarta sering saya lakukan. Bahkan kemungkinan besar dia akan tetap mengunjungi Jakarta di masa yang akan datang. 

Kalimat no 2 dan 3 memiliki fungsi yang sama.

Pada fungsi yang ke empat ini, biasanya kita selalu menambahkan keterangan waktu several times, Once, twice, three times. 

Untuk mengetahui rumus present perfect tense, silakan perhatikan tabel di bawah:

Affirmative
Negative
Interrogative
Answer
 I have eaten pizza
I have not eaten pizza
Have I eaten pizza?
Yes, I have/No, I have not
you have visited me
You have not visited me
Have you visited me
Yes, I have/No, I have not
He has called the member
He has not called the member
Has he called the member
Yes, he has/ No, he has not
Bram has worked in Go Company
Bram has not worked in Go company
Has Bram worked in Go Company?
Yes, He has/No, he has not.












Dari table di atas, penggunaan have dan has dapat kita bedakan. Have digunakan untuk subject (They, we, i, you) sedangkan Has digunakan untuk subject (she, he, it). 

Di dalam present perfect tense kita menggunakan kata kerja ke 3 (past participle). 

Soal Latihan Present Perfect Tense

Di bawah ini beberapa soal latihan present perfect tense:

Coba Latihan Present Perfect Tense Exercise Online.

B.Complete the sentence below by changing the verb form into present perfect tense!

1.A doctor from Australia ……………….. (checks) the patient thoroughly.
2.Students …………….. (do) the exam recently.
3.Peter and Rose …………….. (commit) to move to Finland.
4.A popular architect from Japan ……………… (design) the strongest building in the world.
5.Better wants to go to school. He …………… (pack) his stuff since this morning.
6.My English teacher ………………………… (explain) a tense, present perfect tense.
7.An expert from United Kingdom …………………….. (inform) a new related to Covid19.
8.Many scientists compete to each other to find new vaccine.  They ………………….. (find) new formula to avoid diseases. 
9.My mother ……………………. (buy) new smartphone for me.
10.Jimmy ……………………….. (visit) Yogyakarta City three times. 

Reference:

Azar, S B.1989. Understanding and Using English Grammar. USA. Prentice Hall Regents.
Hewings, Martin.1999. Advance Grammar in Use. Cambridge. CUP. 

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